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Precision forging forming technology, also known as near form or near net forming technology, refers to the forming technology of parts that can be used as mechanical components with minimal or no further processing after forming. In production practice, people are accustomed to dividing precision forging forming technology into: cold precision forging forming, hot precision forging forming, warm precision forging forming, composite forming, closed forging, isothermal forging, split flow forging, etc. 

1. Cold precision forging forming

Directly forging unheated metal materials mainly includes cold extrusion and cold heading extrusion.

Cold precision forging technology is more suitable for multi variety and small batch production, mainly used to manufacture various parts of automobiles and motorcycles, as well as some tooth shaped parts.

2. Hot precision forging forming

It mainly refers to the precision forging forming process above the recrystallization temperature. The hot precision forging process mostly adopts closed die forging, which requires high precision of the mold and equipment. During forging, the volume of the billet is strictly controlled, otherwise large pressure is easily generated inside the mold. Therefore, when designing closed die forging molds, the principle of diversion and pressure reduction is usually used to solve this problem.

At present, most of the spur bevel gears used in heavy-duty trucks in China are produced using this method.

3. Warm precision forging forming

It is a precision forging process carried out at a suitable temperature below the recrystallization temperature. However, the forging temperature of warm forging is narrow and requires high requirements for the mechanics of the mold material and the mold itself, usually requiring the use of specialized high-precision forging equipment.

Warm precision forging technology is generally suitable for large-scale production, forging materials with medium yield strength.

4. Composite forming

It mainly combines various forging processes such as cold, warm, and hot, complementing each other's strengths and weaknesses to achieve the expected effect.

Composite forming is the standard forging method for high-strength components such as gears and pipe joints.

5. Closed forging

It is a forming process in which metal is extruded in one or two directions by one or two punch heads in a closed die to obtain precision forgings without burrs.

Mainly used in the production of bevel gears, car constant velocity universal joint star sleeves, pipe joints, cross shafts, bevel gears and other products.

6. Isothermal forging

Refers to forging the billet at a constant temperature.

Used for deformation temperature sensitive and difficult to form metal materials and parts, such as titanium alloys, aluminum alloys, thin web plates, and high ribs.

7. Split forging

It is to establish a material diversion cavity or channel in the forming part of the blank or mold to achieve material filling effect.

Split forging is mainly used in the cold forging process of spur gears and helical gears.